120 Rules of Grammar by Nimisha Bansal PDF Free Download

“120 Rules of Grammar” is a unique or one of a kind approach to bring all the important concepts and practice questions under one umbrella to assist all the readers in clearing their slightest of doubts regarding this subject. With the diversity of questions based on errors we face in today’s competitive examinations, it has become our foremost duty to be self- equipped with proper and relevant solutions. And after going through this book, one can easily find solutions to any type of questions based on errors.

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This book is solely inspired to make our dedicated readers feel comfortable with the subject so that they can redefine their approach to solve any problem with utmost ease. Grammar portion of the subject “English” plays the most critical role in any competitive examination. With the consistent evolution in the way questions are being asked in the banking, insurance, SSC, railways and defense examinations, maximum efforts have been put to compile ‘Top 120 Rules of Grammar’ that cover almost every questions based on error part. So, considering all the significance that this book carries, we have divided the book into four sections with each section capable of providing the notable contribution to your skills. The four sections are namely – Top 120 Rules of Grammar, Practice sets, Strategies to solve different types of questions & Mock Tests.

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There are 750+ questions based on spotting errors, duly divided into 15 Practice Sets, to avail our readers with ample opportunities to practice their skills. Moreover, 10 additional mock Tests which contain more than 300+ questions are provided to visualize latest patterns of questions being asked in banking examinations. Detailed solutions are provided to every question for a better CONCEPTUAL learning.

Book Content

This book covers the following 120 rules of Grammar:

• RULE 01: Difference between “Each” and “Every”
• RULE 02: “Both” and “not” cannot be used together.
• RULE 03: Usage of Relative Pronouns – who, whom, which and that.
• RULE 04: conditional sentences
• RULE 05: The general rule for usage of the phrase “one of the”
• RULE 06: If there is a combination of “Number + Unit + Noun” or, “Number + Unit + Adjective” in a sentence, we always use the singular form of the Unit.
• RULE 07: Expressions of time, money, speed, weight, height and distance, when used or covered in one way, usually take a Singular verb. However, when these expressions are used or covered in various ways, a Plural verb is used.

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• RULE 08: Certain cases of comparisons
• RULE 09: Prepositions of Time: “Since” and “For”.
• RULE 10: When two actions occurred in past, the action which happened earlier is denoted by using Past Perfect Tense and the action which happened later is denoted by using Simple Past Tense.
• RULE 11: We use a Possessive Adjective (my, our, his, her, their, your) before a Gerund.
• RULE 12: Law of Inversion
• RULE 13: Whenever we use normal places like school, college, church, bed, table, hospital, market, prison, jail, court, temple, mosque, university etc. for primary purpose (for which they are being made), the article “The” is not used before them. But when these places are used for secondary purpose, the article “The” is used before them.
• RULE 14: Whenever adverbs like “No sooner”, “Hardly”, “Scarcely”, etc. are used in the beginning of a sentence, they are always followed by a helping verb.
• RULE 15: Use of Reflexive Pronoun as the Object of a sentence.
• RULE 16: There are certain words which are never followed by Reflexive pronoun: hide, keep, stop, turn, shave, bathe, etc.
• RULE 17: Whenever the two subjects are connected by “as well as, together with, along with, and not, in addition to, like, unlike, with, rather than, except, no less than, nothing but, more than one”, the verb agrees with the first Subject.
• RULE 18: Difference between Noun and Verb for similar sounding words
• RULE 19: pronouns
• RULE 20: Who vs. Whom?
• RULE 21: Certain words like “separation, excuse, mention, favour, pardon, leave, report, sight, etc.” do not take Possessive case before them.
• RULE 22: We use “each other” and “one another” to show that each person in a group of two or more people does something to the others. There is very little difference between each other and one another. “Each other” is generally used for two people while “one another” is used for more than two people.
• RULE 23: The use of “Seldom or never”: The word “Seldom” is an Adverb and when a sentence begins with “seldom”, the law of inversion will be followed.
• RULE 24: Whenever we use “very” with Superlative degree, article “the” is always used before “very” i.e. “the very superlative”.
• RULE 25: The use of “Enough”
• RULE 26: The use of Adverb “as”
• RULE 27: The use of Conjunction “although”
• RULE 28: There are certain verbs which do not exist in “-ing” form.
• RULE 29: There are certain words which are always used in Perfect Tense: “ever, never, yet, already, now, just now, until, now, always, occasionally, often, lately, recently, so far, upto now, upto the present”
• RULE 30: Subject-Verb Agreement with Collective Nouns
• RULE 31: There are certain words which are always followed by the preposition “to”.
• RULE 32: The use of phrase “as… as” and “so… as”
• RULE 33: In a sentence depicting comparison, whenever the word “times” comes up, it is never followed by a comparative degree.
• RULE 34: NARRATION
• RULE35: If two subjects are connected by the words “or,” “nor,” “neither/nor,” “either/or,” or “not only/but also”, we use the verb according to the nearest subject.
• RULE 36: Comparison between two qualities of an object
• RULE 37: Whenever “more than one” or “many a” is used to quantify a noun, it is always followed by a singular noun and a singular verb.
• RULE 38: Whenever we get the word “doubt” or “doubtful” in a sentence, we use the connector either “if” or “whether”. However, in case we get the words “no doubt” and “not doubtful”, we use the connector “that”.
• RULE 39: NARRATION, Sequence of Tenses
• RULE 40: Use of little, the little and a little
• RULE 41: Objective Case of the pronoun comes after the Preposition.
• RULE 42: pronouns
• RULE 43: Some Superfluousness Errors
• RULE 44: Use of Apostrophe (‘s)
• RULE 45: Whenever a point of time in the past is mentioned in the sentence (i.e. yesterday, 10 days ago, etc.), we always use “Simple Past” tense.
• RULE 46: There are certain words like “unique, excellent, perfect, ideal, entire, complete, etc.” which are never used with “most”.

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• RULE 47: Words like “Quite” and “all” are never used together in a sentence.
• RULE 48: Determination of tense based on words like “ago” and “before”.
• RULE 49: Use of Possessive sign.
• RULE 50: Some common errors of Possession.
• RULE 51: Rule for using “A number of” and “The number of”.
• RULE 52: Use of the phrase “It is time” , “It is high time” or “It is about time”.
• RULE 53: Use of preposition with the word “Angry”.
• RULE 54: Whenever the word “know” is used in a sentence, it is not directly followed by the infinitive “to”. We use the words like “how, when, why, where, etc.” to make the sentence grammatically feasible.
• RULE 55: The adverb “else” is always followed by “but” while the adverbs “other, and rather” are always followed by “than”.
• RULE 56: The words like “sort, type, kind, etc.” are always followed by a Singular verb.
• RULE 57: Use of the prepositions “in”, “Inside” and “into”.
• RULE 58: Use of the prepositions “with” and “by”.
• RULE 59: We do not use the preposition “from” with the word “start”.
• RULE 60: In a general case of infinitive we always use the form “To + V1”. But in certain special cases, we use the form “To + V1+ing”.
• RULE 61: The choice between the two indefinite articles – ‘a’ & ‘an’ – is determined by sound. Words beginning with consonant sounds are preceded by ‘a’ and words beginning with vowel sounds are preceded by ‘an’.
• RULE 62: Usage of definite ARTICLE “The”.
• RULE 63: Omission of Article “The”: We do not use any article before following nouns.
• RULE 64: Use of “the + Adjective”.
• RULE 65: Whenever same nouns are connected by preposition, in that case we use both the nouns in singular form.
• RULE 66: Certain nouns whose plurals should be known.
• RULE 67: Whenever “male” or “female” is used before a noun, it means that we are describing its characteristics.
• RULE 68: Antecedent Rule.
• RULE 69: Rule of Question tags.
• RULE 70: Some typical errors related to the above rule.
• RULE 71: Certain words like “Seldom, barely, hardly, scarcely, never” often define a negative meaning to the statement, thus these should be followed by a positive question tag.
• RULE 72: It is important to note that question tag statement must be in same tense as the main statement.
• RULE 73: When we use “Each or Every” in a sentence, a singular noun or pronoun is followed which is further followed by a singular verb. But in the case of question tag, noun (or, pronoun) following “Each or Every” is considered plural and thus we use plural verb in question tag statement.
• RULE 74: When a collective noun is used in the main statement and depicting all its units are working together on the same thing or all are behaving similarly, we consider everything to be singular.
• RULE 75: When we talk about Imperative Sentences and that also when we talk about proposals, in that case we always use “shall we” in question tag statement.
• RULE 76: Use of the Prepositions “in, on, and at”.
• RULE 77: The conjunction “Both” is always followed by “and” and not “as well as”.
• RULE 78: Use of the conjunction “Lest”.
• RULE 79: Use of “Until” and “Unless”.
• RULE 80: Error of Parallelism.
• RULE 81: Use of proper Prepositions: It is important to use exact prepositions after the words.
• RULE 82: Use of “too much” and “much too”.
• RULE 83: Possessive Case is always followed by a Noun.
• RULE 84: Use of the word “Politics”.
• RULE 85: Usage of “Mathematics” and “Statistics”.
• RULE 86: We use the article “A” when we mean “One of many” and the article “The” when we mean “only one”. Moreover, we use the article “A” with the possessive case and “The” with the objective case.
• RULE 87: Usage of “too”, “as well” and “also”.
• RULE 88: Optative Sentences.
• RULE 89: Pseudo Subjects.
• RULE 90: Whenever infinitive (to + V1) in a sentence talks about a noun, it is always followed by a preposition.
• RULE 91: When two different helping verbs are required in a sentence, we always use the main verb in both the cases.
• RULE 92: Certain words like “belongings, savings, congratulations, scissors, proceeds, surroundings, regards, pliers, tongs, jeans, pyjamas, pantaloons, shorts, contents, outskirts, glasses, clothes, thanks, goggles, premises, surroundings, belongings, earnings, earrings, tidings etc.” are considered Plural, so they always take plural verbs.
• RULE 93: Certain words like “Mathematics, Physics, Statistics, News, Economics, Innings, Politics, Athletics, Gymnastics, Gallows, Mechanics, Summons, Classics etc.” are always considered Singular and thus they always require singular verbs.
• RULE 94: Certain words like “equipment, furniture, jewellery, luggage, machinery, poetry, scenery, information, advice, baggage, hair, etc.” do not exist in their plural forms because they all are uncountable nouns.
• RULE 95: Rules of Conditional Sentences.
• RULE 96: Use of Possessive case in a sentence.
• RULE 97: Superfluous Sentences.
• RULE 98: Usage of the word “quantity”.
• RULE 99: Different forms of some confusing Verbs.
• RULE 100: Different forms of the verb “Lie”.
• RULE 101: Use of preposition with the word “Die”.
• RULE 102: Difference between “Beside” and “Besides”.
• RULE 103: Certain words like “friendly, miserly, cowardly, monthly, yearly, weekly, manly, orderly, etc.” are adjectives and can only be used as an adjective. We cannot use them as adverb.
• RULE 104: Position of Adverbs.
• RULE 105: Whenever we place multiple adverbs in a sentence, in that case we follow a particular order.
• RULE 106: Usage of “very” and “much”.
• RULE 107: “Between” is always followed by “and” and not “to”.
• RULE 108: Generally, Uncountable nouns cannot be converted into their plural. However, there are certain uncountable nouns which are found with “s” or “es” added to the end. These nouns do not form their plurals, rather they give a different meaning to the word.
• RULE 109: Consider these errors.
• RULE 110: Use of ‘Possessive Adjectives.
• RULE 111: Use of “fewer” and “less”.
• RULE 112: Difference between “Elder” and “Older”.
• RULE 113: While making comparisons, it is necessary to look at the things being compared.
• RULE 114: The words “One of the, either of, neither of, and each of” are always followed by plural nouns.
• RULE 115: When “but, except, or between” are used as preposition, it must followed by the objective case of pronoun (me, him, her, you, us, them, etc.) and not the subjective case (I, he, she, you, we, they, etc.).
• RULE 116: Whenever we use the pseudo subject in a sentence, the pronoun following the pseudo subject should always be in subjective case and not in objective case.
• RULE 117: When we use the word “such” as a determiner, we will only use “as” as its connector.
• RULE 118: While showing possession with a plural noun, we should make sure that we do not put apostrophe (‘s) in such a way that it creates a hissing sound. In English, words creating a hissing sound are avoided.
• RULE 119: We never use apostrophe (‘s) with pronouns to show possession. It is only used with nouns.
• RULE 120: There are certain words which are never followed by Noun. These are “afraid, asleep, due, ready, unable, alike, aware, glad, sorry, well, alone, ill, sure, worth. etc.